Various factors affect water intake; but temperature, humidity and feed intake are the main drivers. Additionally, the first heat events of the season (late May and early June) are the most stressful on cattle: cattle are generally reaching finishing weight and condition, they are not acclimated to heat, and they have not shed their winter coat. This transition also catches managers and staff off guard as they are focused on late-winter yard management.
Water is a critical nutrient for cattle, especially during hot summer months. Lactating cows may require 20–24 gallons of water per day, while calves need 5–10 gallons. Poor water quality—caused by high nitrates, sulfates, or blue-green algae—can lead to serious health issues or even death. Producers should regularly test water sources and manage tanks and troughs to ensure clean, safe, and accessible water for all classes of cattle.
